Reporters Without Borders has released its 2009 Worldwide Press Freedom Index. Topping the list this year, in a five-way tie for first, are Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Norway, and Sweden. Ireland aside, it’s a Scandinavian sweep! Closing out the top ten are — Estonia, Netherlands, Switzerland, Iceland, and Lituania.
The US holds a three way tie with the UK and Luxembourg for 20th. However, that is actually positive news, as the US was placed 40th last year. While the report’s authors are happy to see US improvements, they do cite a few reasons to be concerned:
Despite a slight improvement, the attitude of the United States towards the media in Iraq and Afghanistan is worrying. Several journalists were injured or arrested by the US military. One, Ibrahim Jassam, is still being held in Iraq.
The report also highlights some rather dim global trends. Though the index’s leaders are all European states, the overall trend in Europe is a negative one.
France (43rd), Slovakia (44th) and Italy (49th) continue their descent, falling eight, 37 and five places respectively. In so doing, they have given way to young democracies in Africa (Mali, South Africa and Ghana) and the western hemisphere (Uruguay and Trinidad and Tobago).
Journalists are still physically threatened in Italy and Spain (44th), but also in the Balkans, especially Croatia (78th), where the owner and marketing director of the weekly Nacional were killed by a bomb on 23 October 2008.
But the main threat, a more serious one in the long term, comes from new legislation. Many laws adopted since September 2008 have compromised the work of journalists. One adopted by Slovakia (44th) has introduced the dangerous concept of an automatic right of response and has given the culture minister considerable influence over publications.
Additionally, Israel sank 47 spots and Iran is nearing the bottom of the list, practically sharing space with Turkmenistan and North Korea. Closing the list is the African state of Eritrea, “where the media are so suppressed they are non-existent”.
